Event: Pearl-MUN 2003
Student: Zaineb Hassan
Event: Pearl-MUN 2003
Student: Zaineb Hassan
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Political structure:
The country name is Republic of Iraq, the capital of Iraq is Baghdad, Iraq is composed of 18 parts and they are Al Anbar, Al Basrah, Al Muthanna, Al Qadisiyah, An Najaf, Arbil, As Sulaymaniyah, At Ta'mim, Babil, Baghdad, Dahuk, Dhi Qar, Diyala, Karbala', Maysan, Ninawa, Salah ad Din, and Wasit .
The government type is republic, the legal system is based on Islamic law in special religious courts, civil law system elsewhere; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction.. The political party and leaders are Ba'ath Party [SADDAM Husayn, central party leader].the political pressure groups and leaders are any formal political activity must be sanctioned by the government; opposition to regime from Kurdish groups and southern Shi'ia dissidents.
Natural resources:
The resources found in Iraq are petroleum, natural gas, phosphates, and sulfur theses are the main resources but there are others which are appearing to show some signs of real shortages in them, estimates have been conducted that’s say there’s about 97 percent of Iraq's oil exports have been stopped, along with a reduction of some 90 percent in Iraq's imports of industrial goods, this is due to the current conflicts which have been brought about recently. Its agricultural products are wheat, barley, rice, vegetables, dates, cotton; cattle, and sheep.
Geography:
Iraq is located in the Middle East near the Palestinian borders, its total area is 437,072 sq. km including water and land, it’s bordered by Iran Jordan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Turkey. Its climate is desert like with it has cool winters, dry hot summers, and "Northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in central and southern Iraq." Iraq is located in a very strategic location on Shatt al Arab waterway and at the head of the Persian Gulf
Cultural factors:
The ethnic groups which found in Iraq are 75%-80% Arab, 15%-20% Kurdish, and about 5% which are composed of Turcoman, Assyrian or other unmentioned groups. The religions which are found in Iraq are mostly composed of Muslims about 97% of the population and the rest are Christian, Kurdish or other rare religions. The languages which are practiced in Iraq are mostly Arabic then there are others such as: Kurdish which is also the language Kurdish regions, Assyrian, and Armenian
Defense:
The military is divided into branches the Army, the Republican Guard, the Navy, the Air Force, the Air Defense Force, the Border Guard Force, and Fedayeen Saddam which are people who are devoted to Saddam and are willing to die for him. The age of acceptance into the military is 18.
Economy:
Iraq depends on oil for its income but lately this has been decreased to a large extent, Iraq exports crude oil, its partners in this export are US, Italy, France, and Spain, its income from the exports is $15.8 billion. Iraq imports food, medicine, manufactures at the price of $11 billion it imports from France, Australia, China, and Russia.
Views on world problems: ??
History:
Iraq’s main income comes from oil exports that was until the Iranian war which decreases it at a harsh rate, after that was over the oil export started to increases gradually, in 1990 when the war with Kuwait was initiated the economy dropped because of the stop in the export of oil after the war because of that much hunger spread around the nation so the implementation of the UN's oil-for-food program in December 1996 has helped improve conditions for the average Iraqi citizen. For the first six, six-month phases of the program, Iraq was allowed to export limited amounts of oil in exchange for food, medicine, and some infrastructure spare parts, then more oil was allowed to b exported but 28% of the money had to go to the UN.
1-The question of rising water levels due to the effects of global warming.
Anyone who thinks the most notable effect of rising global temperatures would be the advent of soft spring breezes from Siberia to the Tierra del Fuego is sorely mistaken, the preponderance of scientific thought today sees the next 100 years as a time of traumatic environmental change. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projects a rise in average global temperature of about 1-3.5 degrees Celsius by the year 2100. Warming in this range is cause for concern, if not alarm.
Rising waters, the result of melting polar ice caps and water expansion from increasing warmth, are the most widely anticipated consequence of a warming world. The UN's IPCC projects that the world's oceans will rise anywhere from 15 to 95 centimeters by the year 2100. Carbon dioxide is believed to be responsible for 70% of global warming. so one of the major ways of decreasing the global warming is to decrees the amount of carbon realest in the air. Iraq fears this since it has two rivers which barley gives enough water to the people let alone irrigate the crops with.
2-The question of controlling the spread of the SARS virus and finding a cure for it.
Origin of SARS virus still a puzzle but many experts believe it may have spread from an animal A vendor packs fruit for a customer on May 2 in Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong province, China. SARS is believed to have originated in Guangdong, but scientists are unsure how the virus first spread to humans
The World Health Organization (WHO) said on Thursday that Vietnam had successfully controlled the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, offering hope that it can be contained "In Viet Nam, certainly, the disease has been brought under control" Dr Julie Hall, coordinator of WHO was quoted as saying by Reuters, adding that no new cases had been reported for over 10 days. a number of countries in Europe and elsewhere that reported initial outbreaks had managed to stop the spread of the virus Iraq has no problem with the virus in its country it only fears that it will reach it so it supports the controlling and elimination of it.
3-The question of securing food and water resources for nations in times of war and famine.
The US. assault left Iraq in near apocalyptic conditions as reported by the first United Nations observers after the war. As a direct, intentional and foreseeable result of this anti-civilian destruction, over one hundred thousand people have died after the war from dehydration, dysentery, diseases, and malnutrition caused by impure water, inability to obtain effective medical assistance and debilitation from hunger, shock, cold and stress. More will die until potable water, sanitary living conditions, adequate food supplies and other necessities are provided. Yet Defendant Bush continues to impose punitive economic sanctions against the People of Iraq in order to prevent this from happening.
The US. bombing campaign killed tens of thousands of defenseless soldiers, cut off from most of their food, water and other supplies, and left them in desperate and helpless disarray. Defendant Schwarzkopf placed Iraqi military casualties at over 100,000. Large numbers of these soldiers were "out of combat" and therefore not legitimate targets for military attack.
4- The question of creating a nuclear free zone in the Middle East.
The establishment of a zone free of nuclear and all other weapons of mass destruction and their delivery systems in the Middle East will ultimately require adherence by all States in the region to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, the Biological Weapons Convention and the Chemical Weapons Convention. Japan has been actively taking part in international efforts to encourage universal adherence to these multilateral, legally binding instruments on the disarmament of weapons of mass destruction. As a part of such an endeavor, on the occasion of her latest visit to the Middle East region from 26 April to 3 May 2003, Ms. Yoriko Kawaguchi, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan, renewed her efforts to urge the Israeli Government to become a Party to the NPT and to the CTBT as well as the Syrian Government to the CTBT.
It is no less important that compliance with these legal instruments s...
5- The question of guaranteeing human rights and alleviating suffering in Cuba.
The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights has continued to observe the human rights situation in the Republic of Cuba closely. The purpose of this report is to provide a review of the events that have taken place in Cuba in the field of Human Rights, which require special consideration. It should also be noted that the major criterion for preparing this report has been the lack of free elections in accordance with internationally accepted standards, thereby violating the right to political participation set forth in Article XX of the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man, which states textually that:
Every person having legal capacity is entitled to participate in the government of his country, directly or through his representatives, and to take part in popular elections, which shall be by secret ballot, and shall be honest, periodic and free.
The Commission drew on several sources in preparing this report, such as the testimony of victims who have suffered violations of their rights in Cuba, complaints brought against the Cuban State, and an abundance of information provided by non-governmental organizations in Cuba and abroad. Even though Iraq has nothing to do with Cuba it still would like to see that it is receiving its human right the same way as any other country is.
Bism ill ra7man ill ra7eem (hello)
Usually when we give opening speeches we say good things that have happened in the country or things that are needed to be improved. But in Iraq all is bad the government the people situation, way of life all. There are many robberies taking place and usually the lack of food is the cause.
United Nations food workers will not begin delivering the food until fighting has stopped. Until then, Iraqis will have to rely on coalition forces distributing aid. As you have seen on the television screens, many children have died and each child that dies is a tragedy within the family, but even worse are the children you don't see dying on the television screen, children who die of malnutrition, diarrhea and acute respiratory infections, all these are linked in some way to the food shortage so I urge all nations to try to provide an answer to the problem help Iraq with what faces
Shukran (thank you)