Country: the United States of America




Pearl MUN 2004: All GA Resolutions

Countries: Various

Students: Main Submitters



Links to other sites on the Web:

Back to the 2003-2004 Team page
Back to the 2004 Pearl-MUN page
Back to the Briefing Book Library
Back to Teams
Back to Fruit Home





Main and co-submitters List

Issue: Displaced Persons

Lebanon-Mohammad Al-Zabin

Sudan-Maha Sartawi...failed by one vote

Sierra Leone-Hisham Elkoly



Issue: The Availability of Generic Drugs

Argentina-Duha Al-Ramadhan

Yousif Al-Qassar-debated and passed

Cameroon-Omar El-Kayyali

Greece-Sara Al-Muzaini

Italy-Laila Barghouti

Liberia-Abdullah Al-Ibrahim



Issue: International Trade

China-Sara Fakral-Deen

(Republic of) South Korea-Luke Shaire-debated but failed

The United States-Abdullah Al-Mdaires-debated and passed

The United Kingdom-Mays Al-Sa'ad

 

 

 

Forum: General Assembly
Question of: The issue if the rights of displaced People
Main Submitter: Lebanon
Co-Submitter: Honduras

Defining a displaced person as an individual who does not own papers of nationality,

Noting Some 25 million people worldwide currently live in situations of internal displacement as a result of conflicts or human rights violations and many were forced to flee their homes because their lives were at danger,

Further Noting with regret that more than 75% of the world’s countries have displaced People,

Stressing that if displaced People continue budding, labor rates will fall resulting in a drop in the nation’s economy,

Alarmed By The facts that Displaced People have limited or no access to any necessities and they are also very open to discrimination and violence,

Deeply concerned about the fact that the UN pays so little attention to the fact that the numbers are escalating,

Deeply Concerned how many of these victims are currently in forced to live their lives selling drugs, stealing, and prostitution,

Requests that with the help of Lebanon and other supporting countries that the UN will take a more complex look at the issue at hand,

1. Forming of the United Nations Group for Displaced Assistance, UNGDA, which will consist of the following parts:
A. Medical assistance and care,
B. Social Assistance,
C. Nationality Insurance;

2. Proclaims that this group will be made up of
A. Teams Specialized in Health Care,
B. Teams specialized in Protection and guarding displaced People only with their approval,
C. Teams specialized in the moving of necessities such as Food, and Water;

3. Helping displaced People to get nationalities by sending financial support to the limit of $24 Million;

4. Hiring specialists to assist displaced People;

5. Specifies orphan displaced People as they are the most helpless;

6. Forms schools which will educate displaced People around the world;

7. Endorses The prosecution of People who would abuse Displaced People;

8. Invites nations of the World to help in the support of Displaced People and then transfer the handling and taking care of the Displaced People to the UNGDA;

9. Requests all nations into signing for this resolution;

10. Further requests that the UN will take serious measures into assisting displaced People.

 

 

Issue : The question of the human and political rights of religious and ethnic minorities and displaced people.
Delegate :Sudan
Main-Co: Norway
Co-signers: Qatar, Greece, Spain, USA, Denmark, Jordan, Burma, Nigeria, Russia, UK, Bahrain, Thailand, Australia, Bahamas, Maldives, Venezuela, Netherlands, Angola.

Defining Displace People as people living in places were war is happening, displaced people are also people that do not wish to be living in that place,

Applauding the efforts of the UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees) the helped an estimate of 50 million person in 5 decades,

Noting with regret there are around 40 million men, woman, and children around the world that are displaced, many of them the cause is civil war, lack of natural resources, and lack of food and water in a country,

Deeply concerned that this issue at hand will rise to a be a greater issue that will lead to many other problems, and that if this issue is fixed, many other issue will be fixed to since many issues arise from this issue,

1-Declares the formation of a sub-organization under the UN called UNODP, United Nations Organization for Displaced People, which head office, will be Switzerland after its approval by all the nations in the GA, and have a meeting twice a year, and when ever an emergency arises an emergency meeting will be called and all countries that signed to the is resolution will be asked to be present in this meeting;

2-States the branches of the UNODP will be located in the main areas were displaced people are highly found, and there will be one head office in the region, the head office will send monthly reports to the main office in Geneva, the offices that will be located in places where displaced people are found will be assigned after the resolution is approved;

3-Further States that the offices will increase as the demand for them will increase, and it will be sufficient for the need of that place;

4-Notes this organization will include:
A. Delegate of each country that is in need of labor force, and can afford to pay for them:
1. Requests by companies that are in need of labor forces will be sent to the government of the country,
2. Salary should be paid to the displaced people will be a 35% less than the normal salary,
3. The organization will take 25% of the salary per labor as a monthly charge and the money collected from the companies will be spent on displaced people that were not employed and didn’t have the advantages like other people,
B. Delegates of each country that’s economy is suffering from displaced people;

5-Takes Note of applications will be printed by the UNODP to be filled up by labor forces (displaced people) will be formed by the UNODP that will be sent through out countries and sent back to the government of the country;

6-Draws the Attention these applications will include labor forces:
A. Past jobs,
B. What they are good at,
C. What they would like to do,
D. Age,
E. Health Statues,
F. Any certificates gained by the person,
G. Till what level she/he reaches in his/her education,
H. Other important question asked by the companies;

7-Affirms studies over the applications will be done by a panel of professionals and experts that will be chosen after the organization if formed, these experts will be experts in Social Services, Psychology, etc.;

8-Further States that this organization will also monitor displaced families, and will observe :
A. Food,
B. Medicine,
C. Clothing;

9-Further Draws the Attentions this organization will pay for the displaced if they are in need to educate their children in their countries;

10-Resolves this will decrease the number of displaced people in countries and will help the economy of suffering countries.

 

 

Main Submitter: Turkey
Main Co-Submitter: Sierra Leone
Co-signers: Indonesia, Afghanistan, Ireland, Mexico, Mali, Saudi Arabia, Ivory Coast, Bulgaria, Germany, Cambodia, New Zealand, Nepal, El Salvador, Peru, Jamaica, Pakistan, Latvia, Kenya, Eritrea, Brazil, Cameroon, Tajikistan, Nigeria, Uganda, Kuwait, Nauru, North Korea, Denmark, Singapore, Morocco
Issue: Rights for Displaced People

Defining Internally displaced people as ones who had to flee to another part of their country to seek safety due to dangers like racial origin, cultural background or linguistics but have not crossed an international border,

Alarmed by the fact that the amount of internally displaced people has increased to 25 million worldwide in the past few years,

Keeping in mind the "Eight years after the UN. General Assembly first considered the problem of these homeless people, some gains have been made but there is still a pressing need for effective action", said Francis Deng, the UN. representative in change of the internally displaced people,

Promotes the respects for Human Rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction to religion, race, gender and language,

Noting with deep concern the fact that Amnesty International has received constant reports of torture and abuse of displaced and ethnic people without the exception of women and children from around the globe,

1. Seeking international attention and corrective measures, educating the public and rehabilitation of the victims;

2. Affirming the importance of the international instruments on human rights and on the status of refugees and victims of war and generalized violence;

3. Declares the creation of the United Nations Minority Organization (UNMO) which consists of the following:
A. The UNMO will consist of twenty chairs that are globally voted upon
B. The UNMO will be based in Geneva beside the UNICEF headquarters which deals with the human rights for easy communication
C. Branches will be distributed in each country that is in need in help with problems of displaced people,
D. The UNMO will rehabilitate children and adults into having proper nutrition, education, and financial aid

4. Confirms that the UNMO will use the latest techniques and medical technology in order to aid the displaced people and help them develop new skills;

5. Further resolves that this organization will hire professional and professors who are capable of assisting the displaced people and educating them:
A. Each representative in the UN could have a representative in the organization,
B. They will assemble with the displaced people at least once a month in order to have group sessions and activities,
C. These activities may vary from psychological help to child care and physical rehabilitation

6. proclaims that the UNMO will have main headquarters other than the ones that are located in the needed countries be in the following countries:
A. Singapore to cover the Asian region,
B. UAE to cover the Middle East region,
C. Jamaica to cover the American region,
D. Germany to cover the Europe region;

7. Calls upon government, civil societies and non-governmental organizations to setup community based groups which could assist safety and welfare of children and women;

8. Further Recommends that the governments would make available information on measures taken in this regard;

9. Ensures that any victim of torture of inhuman treatment will receive full compensation as required under international law;

10. Urges all countries to vote for this resolution as it actually acts upon solving the problem of displaced people and is not just a wish list.

 

 

Issue: The Question of the rights and availability of generic drugs.
Main Submitter: The Republic of Argentina
Co-Submitter:
The Republic of Ghana
Signers: Angola, Australia, Iran, Morocco, Netherlands, Portugal, Venezuela

Deeply concerned with the growing number of HIV/AIDS victims throughout the world, particularly in under developed and developing nations,

Alarmed by the approximately 3 million deaths caused by HIV/AIDS virus towards the end of 2003, as stated by the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases,

Noting that brand-name drugs continue to be inaccessible to those with lesser financial capabilities due to their high prices,

Affirming that the provision of medicines to citizens worldwide is vital to human development,

Seeking to increase the prescription of generic drugs throughout the world to provide aid to those with financial difficulties,

Reaffirming that generic drugs are "identical, or bioequivalent to [brand name drugs] in dosage form, safety, strength, route of administration, quality, performance characteristics and intended use,"

Noting with approval that quality controls have been placed on generic drugs in Argentina, ensuring effective results of such medicines,

Having examined that the necessary active ingredients are present in the generic drugs and are equivalent to those found in the more expensive brand-name drugs,

Expressing its appreciation regarding the recent efforts put forth by the OPEC Fund and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) through signing the Global Initiative to stop the spread of this virus in developing nations,

Declaring that each citizen has the right to gain accessibility to generic drugs and should be granted the choice of preference,
1. Calls for the establishment of a sub organization, the Generic Drug Control Center (GDCC), under the auspices of the World Health Organization (WHO) dedicated to:
A. Determining the positive and negative aspects of the use of generic drugs in question by holding international meetings of researchers,
B. The task of approving generic drugs for public use,
C. The production of the approved drugs and their transportation to health care centers worldwide in association with the World Trade Organization (WTO),
D. The promotion of these generic drugs via public awareness;

2. Requests these centers to be instituted in villages towns and/or cities of willing nations and be well equipped;

3. Designates reputable doctors biochemists pharmacists and scientists who will be appointed according to their area of qualification and will:
A. Ensure the safety of the generic drug by affirming that the components contain no harmful chemicals, which can result in dangerous side effects on the consumer,
B. Prove that the generic drug contains the required components or the necessary active ingredient,
C. Certify that the drug is indeed identical to its equivalent brand name drug;

4. Confirms that the GDCC will approve these drugs only after they undergo the rigorous testing as described in clause three to prove their safety and efficiency;

5. Authorizes the GDCC for the mass production and distribution of the approved generic drugs, and the:
A. Labeling of all the permitted drugs with the official GDCC stamp of approval to be recognized by consumers worldwide,
B. Transportation of these drugs to local pharmacies, hospitals, and health clinics;

6. Encourages extensive educational programs in which seminars and training courses are to be held to increase awareness in communities of the advantages and benefits of the approved generic drugs and of their proper usage;

7. Urges member states to take firm measures against the illicit sale of generic drugs via smugglers;

8. Supports the protection of the rights of drug companies while simultaneously making generic drugs available.

 

 

Issue: The question of the rights and availability of generic drugs
Main Submitter: Bangladesh
Co-submitters: Qatar, Denmark, Syria, Germany, Cambodia, Myanmar, Bulgaria, Peru, Eritria, Spain, Jamaica, Jordan, El Salvador, Nepal, Bahamas.

Defining a generic drug as an identical, or bioequivalent to a brand name drug in dosage form, safety, strength, route of administration, quality, performance characteristics and intended use" according to the US. Food and Drug Administration (FDA),

Bearing in mind that generic drugs are less expensive than bioequivalent brand name drugs,

Deeply disturbed that it takes up to 20 years in order for the generic drug to be manufactured and sold due to copyright laws concerning brand name drugs,

Alarmed by the increase of spread of diseases worldwide and especially HIV/AIDS by which 5 million people are introduced to this disease each year,

Deeply concerned that six million people in developing countries have HIV infections that urgently require antiretroviral treatment to keep them alive and healthy but fewer than 300,000 are being treated,

Viewing with appreciation Bangladesh’s role in encouraging the local manufacturing of generic drugs through the National Drug Policy (NDP),

Welcoming the United States’ attribution to speed up the approval for manufacturing generic AIDS drugs that, if approved, will help needed countries worldwide,

Expressing its Satisfaction to the World Health Organization (WHO) that is willing to insure the spread of an antiretroviral generic drug treatment to 3 million people worldwide,

Expecting all nations to work together into approving the rights of having and manufacturing of generic drugs due to its significance to poor, developing countries that need these drugs drastically but cannot afford the brand name drugs,

1. Designates the formation of the United Nations Organization of Generic Drugs (UNGDO) of all the representatives of the general assembly, in addition to scientists, experts and technicians that will be meeting once every year and in emergency situations, the headquarters of UNGDO will be decided by a vote in the general assembly once the resolution is approved;

2. Declares that scientists, experts and technicians will be hired once the UNODM is fully formed and they will be specialized in transportation, chemical engineering, statistics and machinery:
A. Every country that has the capability to donate operatives will asked to do so and the best are chosen,
B. Each country will have a representative that is an expert in the medicine and drug field, and if the county does not have a representative one will be assigned to it,
C. Statisticians will be sent to each country in order to study their cases,
D. Transport experts will be used for choosing the best transportation methods for the drugs, such as land vehicles, ships and cargo planes,
E. Scientists and chemical engineers will research in order to manufacture the generic drugs in need,
F. Machinery experts will be provided machines that will help with the production of generic drugs;

3. Affirms that the UNGDO will study and assess the medical status of each of the needing countries based on the following procedure:
A. A full economical report will cover all areas of financial status of the country and its ability to buy generic drugs,
B. A group of experts will be sent to these countries based on their demand and under their approval to study the several diseases found in the country and issue the available cures,
C. Experts will study if the country in need already has drug factories that could be used to issue the drugs locally,
D. Experts also will study the capability of the country to import or manufacture generic drugs,
E. After studying the country’s status, the UNODM will then decide if the country seriously needs the drugs and it will then send the drugs to them if they were seriously in need,
F. A group of transport experts will provide a route to this country if it is approved to provide them with necessary drugs,
G. If the country financially cannot buy the drugs, then the UNODM will buy the drugs for them;

4. Calls upon the security council to send peacekeeping troops along with the organization’s experts in countries that need these vital generic drugs if the country was in a state of war;

5. Further resolves when the UNGDO makes an agreement with the brand name companies, the UNGDO will offer a contract for the brand name country in order to give them a large amount of money to buy the copyright;

6. Further requests the Food and Drug Association (FDA) to quickly give approvals for the manufacture of generic drugs for countries that are vitally in need for these drugs;

7. Expresses its hopes to the World Trade Organization (WTO) to allow needed countries in need to import vital generic drugs if they were unable to import them previously;

8. Resolves that the UNGDO will send drugs to countries that are affected by the diseases after it maintains the health of the seriously affected countries.

 

 

THE QUESTION OF: The rights and availability of generic drugs
MAIN SUBMITTER: The Republic of Cameroon
CO-SUBMITTER: The Federal Republic of Nigeria
CO-SIGNERS: Kenya, Latvia, Kuwait, Brazil, Slovakia, Ethiopia, Uganda

Defining Generic drugs as copies of brand name drugs that are made 30-75% cheaper,

Draws attention that because of the many people and countries need these generic drugs they are either running out or being slowly delivered,

Deeply concerned that HIV/AIDS is affecting the countries all around the world,

Taking into consideration that 6,000 of an estimated 2 million need the same drug,

Noted that the vast majority of Kenyans cannot afford the current market price of at least US $75 per month, while cheaper generics - available at half the price - are hardly available at all because of the many people and countries who need generic drugs,

Further noted that some countries awaited registration from as far back as 1999-"For bureaucratic reasons, Kenyans are still waiting for those drugs. The registrations are not handled with the urgency that the situation requires."- Pharmacy and Poisons’ Board (PPB),

Supports all communities and groups helping the people with HIV/AIDS or helping to prevent it,

1. Resolves the formation of a sub organization of the WHO under the title of the World Generic Drugs Development and Distribution Organization (WGDDDO) that will enhance the production of medicines and effectively supply them to world wide countries;

2. Declares the establishment of its headquarters in the UAE(a free trading and economically stable nation),

3. Further Declares the requirement to define a need driven research and development agenda to assist policy makers and the research community in setting the right priorities in addressing the needs of the developing countries with regards to pharmacotherapy,

4. Confirms that this organization will be composed of 35 seats for the 35 voted chair members, not including the medical aid and the expert scientist. The location of this organization’s headquarters will be voted on by the 35 members of the chair,

5. Further confirms that this organization will be hiring professional scientist and experts who will:
A. Be leading the production of these drugs and will be monitoring the distribution,
B. Be meeting once a month, to discuss any further problems and their solutions,
C. Forward any of the decisions to the chair members who will vote on whether or not this decision is appropriate,
D. Make sure emergency doctors will be at hand, stationed in the WGDDDO branches world wide, who will rush to the immediate aid of anyone in a destitute state,
E. Be specialized in the production of medicines and other aspects such as transportation management and other such problems;

6. Affirms that the WGDDDO will hire sources of transportation to transport the generic drugs to all countries ( Such as ships and planes and trains);

7. Further affirms to actively pursue strategies to encourage a global policy for equity pricing of essential medicines in developing countries;

8. Emphasizes that the drugs produced by the WGDDDO will frequently be checked for quality, despite the fact that they are generic drugs, and tests will be run frequently to make sure that they are effective and have no flaws;

9. Designates that for any country to be awarded these drugs the WDDDO will carry out the following steps:
A. Whenever a country is requesting generic drugs from the WDDDO, the chair members will first decide whether its financial position demands it to order these drugs. This decision will be made by comparing the financial status to the amount of people who are sick,
B. The chair will then decide how serious the situation is. If it is serious then the WDDDO will take action,
C. They will do this by sending the doctors to diagnose the patients and the drugs will be purchased according to the results,
D. Medical aid will be given if essential;

 

 

Issue: The issue of the rights and availability of generic drugs.
Main Submitter: Greece
Co-Submitter: Norway

Signers: United Kingdom, Norway, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Mexico, Singapore, New Zealand, Spain, Thailand, Sudan, Nauru, Bulgaria, Ireland, Indonesia, Pakistan, Nepal

Defining Generic Drugs are drugs that are less expensive and have the same therapeutic value as brand name drugs,

Applauding the World Trade Organization (WTO) for revising international patent rules in order to help developing countries by allowing countries to make their own medicine,

Bearing in mind that even though the WTO is revising patent rules, not all protected companies have and will agree in allowing developing countries to make their own medicine,

Confirms that generic drugs should eliminate most diseases from spreading and decreasing the amount of deaths in developing countries due to sicknesses,

Deeply disturbed by the number of prototype drugs that are being sold supposedly as generic drugs,

Alarmed by the number of government refusing to sell generic drugs to the citizens of their countries,

1. Resolves That the UN will create an organization which will be called the Generic Drugs Distribution Organization (GDDO), This organization will hold its main headquarters in New York, The purpose of this organization is to:
A. Make sure that all developing countries and countries in need of generic drugs get the drugs delivered to the citizens themselves,
B. Make sure that all the drugs are just as effective as brand name drugs and not prototypes;
C. This organization will hold a biannual meeting in order to ensure that the organization is reaching its prime goals and to make any necessary changes that will improve the organization;

2. Further Resolves that this organization will have a team of specialized scientists and doctors that will research the following:
A. Which countries are in need of generic drugs
B. The amount of drugs needed per country
C. The type of drugs needed for certain diseases in certain countries
D. And various other topics that will ensure that the countries get exactly what they need

2. Emphasizes That this organization will create branches that shall be positioned in all the countries that re in need of generic drugs,
A. The determining of the countries in need of the drugs will be the result of scientific researches, The branches however will only be positioned in the countries after the organization has gotten the countries approval,

B. The organization will hand out monetary awards to countries that have agreed to place a branch or more in their country in order to help their citizens
C. Also, one representative per branch will attend the biannual meetings that will be held in New York in the organizations headquarters and will discuss all their issues and improvements during the meetings;

3. Confirms that the branches will have a team of specialists (the number of team members will be determined by the urgency of delivering the generic drugs in a country and by the size of the country) this will be determined during the biannual meetings, the team will personally deliver all the needed generic drugs to the people in need of them;

Encourages all countries to vote for this resolution in order to:
A. Reduce the amount of disease victims and the number of deaths due to sicknesses
B. Augment the health rate in countries.

 

 

Issue: The question of rights and availability of generic drugs
Main Submitter: Italy
Co-submitter: DR Congo
Co Signers: Oman

Defining that generic drugs is a copy of a brand name drug who’s patent has expired,

Aware of the fact that the original manufacturer of a drug receives a patent on the drug and is the only manufacturer who can produce and sell the drug during this patent period and once the patent expires, other manufacturers may produce and sell the drug,

Bearing in Mind that since generics use the same active ingredients and are shown to work the same way in the body, they have the same risks and benefits as their brand-name counterparts,

Declaring that Generic drugs are less expensive because generic manufacturers don’t have the investment costs of the developer of a new drug, and because those manufacturers don’t have the same development costs,

Contemplating the fact that FDA requires that all drugs be safe and effective, and also requires generic drugs to have the same quality, strength, purity and stability as brand-name drugs,

Approving the World Trade Organization’s judgment for allowing developing countries to receive international patent rules to let them import copies of brand-name drugs in the case where they can’t make their own medicine; and this action did not help to improve that issue,

Emphasizes that 33.6 million people are affected with HIV/AIDS, and 95% of them live in poor countries, and the vast majority do not have access to the most basic health care,

Noting with deep regret that 14 million people are dying every year because of lack of drugs or money,

Taking note that there are many manufacturers of generic drugs in the United States, some of these companies make only generic drugs, and some are divisions of major companies, which also produce brand name drugs for poor countries,

1. Affirms that a special organization will be created named (United Nations Generic Drug Organization) UNGDO that will:
A. Consist of all countries that are looking forward in accepting generic drugs or countries that already accepted them and other countries wishing to be part of this organization,
B. Headquarters of UNGDO will be located in Geneva, Switzerland, the organization will have 3 branches in Asia, 5 in Africa, 2 in Europe, and 3 in South and North America, and one in Australia,
C. Manager of each branch will be elected by the members,
D. The representative will also be elected to attend meetings in the main headquarters, Geneva,
E. All representatives will meet 5 times a year in Switzerland, Geneva and if an emergency meeting are needed they will take place,
F. Members of the staff will be elected when the resolution passes,
G. Determine the salaries of the staff;

2. Declares that the UNGDO for a start will be:
A. Visiting countries that want to have lectures about UNGDO’s projects,
B. Produce monthly flyers from recycled paper that will be given out in bookshops freely to enlighten people about generic drugs benefit;

3. Request the formation of a main factory that will be part of the UNGDO, the factory will be built in every country that is part of the organization to provide all needed people with generic drugs, the factory will be receiving drugs from the main factory that will be found in one country in each continent:
A. Asia: Russia,
B. Europe: Switzerland,
C. Africa: will be decided when the resolution passes,
D. South and North America: United states, another country will be decided when the resolution passes,
E. Australia;

4. Take Note of that medicines and drugs will be transported to developing countries by airplanes, ships and cars depending on how far is the country from the sub organization’s place that will be submitted later by the UN;

5. Calls upon every country that wants to buy generic drugs to refer to the main factory in their continent;

6. Further request that any country willing to donate one type of each drug so that the UNGDO will be able to manufacture the same drug, however sell it in a much affordable drug so that poor countries and only poor countries minus wealthy countries will be able to buy it;

7. Solemnly affirms that if any group of people or a country are caught illegally trading generic drugs then the following punishment will be implemented:
A. If a group of people in a country that doesn’t allow generic drugs: they will be imprisoned until they are able to present the amount of money that would be originally paid for brand name drugs and if they are not able to afford it they to work in prison for the rest of their lives,
B. If a country: Requests that the SC Security Council suspends the country from GA general assembly for one year and also pay what would be originally paid for brand name drugs.

 

 

Issue: Generic Drugs Co Signers: Cuba, Peru, El Salvador, USA, Moldova, Eritrea.
Main Submitter: Liberia
Co Submitter: Tajikistan

Defining generic drugs as drugs that are created to substitute brand-name products,

Noting that generic drugs are sold way less in cost than other brand name products, as stated in a commercial of a generic drug "it can save you millions of dollars",

Have studied that doctors believe that generic drugs are just as reliable and affective as its brand-name counterparts,

Declaring that not all brand-name products are protected by patents and are only allowed to be supplied by the brand manufacturer, however when the patents expire other manufacturers produce a generic version,

Taking into consideration that half of the drugs in markets are available in generic form as stated in an article about generic drugs,

Deeply concerned that many nations and their civilians cannot afford buying brand-name drug, and the live of humans cannot be compared to money added to the cost of a drug,

Emphasizing that the countries and the united nations will cooperate to supply affordable drugs to nations in need of drugs,

1. Resolves the creation of a sub-organization of the WHO which will be responsible for the issue of the generic drugs as explained further on this resolution, this organization will be called OGD, (Organization of Generic Drugs);

2. Further resolves that the OGD will have its headquarters near the WHO headquarters, This will make it easier for the WHO to choose 15 members for the organization, 5 members will be professional doctors, 5 experienced lawyers who understand law and laws of patents, 5 financially educated and experienced people who are able to negotiate with the given sides, the WHO will select those members based on a guide line that will be created by the WHO to be suitable;

3. Requests that the OGD will create a lab that will be neighboring the headquarters which will be holding the latest medical technology supplied from the WHO, the lab will have medical workers employed by the WHO to be able to test and create medicines;

4. Trusts that all countries suffering from the spread of dangerous diseases or knows that citizens of the country are unable to afford the cost of the drugs available to report to the OGD so that the organization will take serious action toward the situation;

5. Affirms that the OGD members will classify the nations reporting according to the difficulty of the issue using the following guide lines:-
A. The amount of cases of diseases and the death of citizens,
B. The income per person and calculate whether the citizens are capable of affording the brand-name drugs,
C. Create a branch of the OGD in each of high classified, that will have OGD representative;

6. Confirms that the OGD will contact and negotiate with the brand name producers of the drug of the most spread cases in reporting countries as the members of the OGD will: -
A. Offer an amount of money to brand-name drugs to be able to produce the generic version of the drug in the laboratories of the OGD,
B. Financial negotiators will negotiate with the companies the amount of money given to the companies and make sure that it is reasonable,
C. The lawyers of OGD will follow steps of the exchange and make sure that no rules are broken and the patents are still not violated,
D. These steps will be followed, so that only OGD has the right to create a generic version of the brand-name drug;

7. Draws attention that no other groups, company or organization has the right to create a generic drug except the OGD;

8. Invites the OGD to take action towards the countries as a serious situation first, because the higher situation has a higher priority of being solved first;

9. Recommends that if any brand name company does not allow the OGD to share the drug creation or wants to get more money on the drug, the OGD will not share with that bran-d name company, and the OGD will carry further researches on the medicines for the disease;

10. Urges that all countries weather suffering from insufficient medicines or have a large number of citizens that financial problems and can’t afford buying brand name drugs, to report to the OGD;

11. Further requests that the OGD will supply these medicines through shipping, or air transport, to make fast transport time, the medicines will be sent to the branch created in the country, then this branch will send a quantity within the branch itself, and sell some to pharmacies (if available), the generic version will be sold at a cost determined by the OGD, which will certainly be much cheaper that the brand-name product;

12. Further recommends that the OGD will have some mobile pharmacy that will be moving around to be able to reach citizens that cant reach the branch, if the country is large in area, and there are citizens that need the drugs;

13. Affirms that the UN will ask members states to take reasonable action that may be necessary against brand name drugs companies that try to prevent the manufacture of generic drugs in needing developing countries;

14. Requests: that all countries, if this resolution were to pass, would pay an annual 1% of their GDP, in order for this to happen the following must be true:
A. The country must not be in an economic depression state,
B. The countries 1% of the GDP must be more than one million dollars,
C. The country that pays will pay the money voluntarily, and will not have to do so;

15. Further invites all nations to vote and support this resolution.

 

 

MAIN SubmitteR: People’s Republic of China
CO-SUBMITTER: DPR Korea
CO-SIGNERS: Singapore, Syria, Burma, Cuba
Issue: The question of the trade of nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction (WMDs)

Defining weapons of mass destruction as weapons that are capable of a high order of destruction and or of being use din such a manner as to destroy large numbers of people they can be of four types: nuclear, chemical, biological, or radiological weapons,

Defining that nuclear weapons are weapons of mass destruction whose explosives powers derive from a nuclear reaction,

Alarmed by the spread of nuclear technology and other WMDs, both biological or chemical, sometimes spreading very easily through underground channels,

Taking into consideration the fact that the spread and trade of these weapons in channels is illegal and is considered very serious security threats facing our world today,

Contemplating that some nations own WMDs and are defending themselves for possessing them, even though, some possess them illegally,

Bearing in mind the fact that some nations condemn others for owning WMDs while they own them, too,

Aware of the existence of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) which obligates the five acknowledged nuclear-weapon states (France, Russia, UK, USA, and China) not to transfer any nuclear weapons, other nuclear explosive devices, or their technology to any non-nuclear-weapon states,

Expressing its satisfaction that in early 2000, there were 187 Parties who had signed the NPT, only Cuba, Israel, India, and Pakistan haven’t signed,

Noting with regret that some countries that have signed onto the NPT have either violated it or removed their signature and some countries own WMDs without the right to,

Affirming the existence of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA),

Bearing in mind that the real issue at hand is that of the trade of WMDs and not the possession of WMDs,

Desiring a new policy that would resolve this problem,

1) Resolved that the UN forms a new treaty the Weapons of Mass Destruction Non-proliferation Treaty (WMDNT) and carry out the following:
A. have all the five permanent members of the UN Security Council sign on it first if they wish,
B. after the UN Security Council members have signed then any other country of the GA who wants to sign, sign;

2) Further resolves the formation of the United Nations Non-Proliferation Organization (UNNPO) which will consist of:
A. the five permanent countries of the SC who agree to join,
B. membership will be open to any other country who wishes to join,
C. headquarters will be in Geneva, Switzerland;

3) Affirms that the UNNPO will hire 15 experts assigned to each continent:
A. 4 well-educated scientists,
B. 4 well-educated technicians,
C. 2 well-educated legal experts,
D. 5 carefully chosen weapons experts;

4) Confirms that the countries who have signed the WMDNT will agree to have the 15 experts carry out inspections 2 or 3 times a year (either every 4 months or every 6 months) as needed;

5) Notes that countries that have signed the WMDNT and do not allow the inspections to be carried out in their country then the UNNPO will recommend the following punishments from the UN Security Council:
A. imposing economic sanctions on the countries for as long as necessary,
B. also, all aide going to them will be cut off;

6) Draws the attention to the fact that the any country that signs a non-aggression treaty will be safe from any attack and only countries that have signed the WMDNT will be able to sign this non-aggression treaty;

7) Takes note of the very important fact that only the countries’ who have signed on the WMDNT will have the inspections.

 

 

Commission: General Assembly
Main Submitter: Republic South Korea
Co-Submitter: Slovenia, Austria, Canada, Kazakhstan, France, Nauru
Issue: The question of measures to stop the trade of nuclear and weapons of mass destruction.

Defining nuclear and weapons of mass destruction refers to those weapons causing the maximum number of deaths followed by generations of ill health,

Welcoming the fact that the United Nations has previously debated this issue of trading nuclear and weapons of mass destruction specifically in our region at the end of the Korean War in 1953. In which the United Nations Peace Keeping Forces have been in place in the de- militarized zone,

Noting with regret that the world and the United Nations specifically recognizes how difficult it is to have dialogue with countries that illegally trade these offensive weapons,

Deeply concerning that our direct neighbor to the North, despite United Nations resolutions has begun to power up it’s previously shut down nuclear power plants and nuclear manufacturing capability. As we also have evidence of trade taking place on an illegal basis with other such states,

Noting with deep concern the affect that this matter has on not just our region but the world as a whole,

Taking into account the importance of gaining UN support in delivering a peaceful resolution, after considering the above facts,

Deeply concerned with all countries for never signing the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) adopted in 1968 and endorsed by the United Nations. Signing this treaty declares publicly that the country has no interest in developing its own nuclear weapons, or entering into the trade of such weapons;

1. Calls upon this forum to consider the setting up the United Nations Non-Trade Commission (UNNTC) based in both the United Nations forum in New York and also in neutral Geneva (Switzerland.) In which members of this commission should consist of:
A. The five standing members of the Security Council,
B. Five governmental ministers from non-aligned member states;

2. Resolving the resolution by instructing the International Atomic Agency Commission (IAAC) under the chairmanship of the Deputy Secretary General to classify countries trading in nuclear and weapons of mass destruction as follows:
A. Class A= Those countries identified and proven as illegally involved in serious trading of nuclear weapons,
B. Class B= Those countries identified as having the capability of trading Nuclear weapons but not yet not proven,
C. Class C= Those countries who are not involved in any form of illegal trading;

3. Calls upon the United Nations International Energy Agency (IAEA) to carry out the following steps:
A. Set up a commission to get agreement from countries involved in the trade of offensive weapons to visit identified nuclear establishments,
B. The make up of the commission should represent the five permanent members of the Security Council,
C. Specialized scientists, technicians and inspectors should have authority to visit without previous permission,
D. This team should be given a fixed time as to when it should report back to The United Nations on its findings;

4. Recommends that members of the (IAEA) agree to the following:
A. Be based in capitals of countries under investigation,
B. A new base is set up where illegal trading is found;

5. Further recommends that if illegal trading is proven and found that has not been previously declared the nation will be disarmed by specialists and all offensive parts will be removed:
A. If this agreement is breached then the Security Council recommends the application of sanctions to either party,
B. Countries found to be illegally trading will be made accountable for their actions in front of the general assembly,
C. Commission members who are set up where illegal weapons were found are to carry out continuous checks to make sure illegal trading does not continue under approval from the country,
D. If any countries found trading with illegal WMD disagrees with the above then the Security Council will recommend the bringing of sub-clauses to the floor, invoking trade and financial sanctions.

6. Urges that the findings of the two specialist committees (IAEA) and (IAAC) return to this council on a fixed date and under the control of the committee (UNNTC) declare its findings on the question on illegal trading of nuclear weapons and weapons of mass destruction;

7. Urges all countries involved to sign the (NPT) which includes countries all over the world;

 

 

Main submitter: United States of America.
Co-submitter: Spain.
Co-signers: Jordan, Russia, Liberia, Honduras, Sudan, Eritrea, Germany, Tajikistan.
Co-signers: Greece, Jamaica, El-Salvador, Nepal, Moldova.

Committee
: General Assembly Issue: the question of the trade of nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction.

Defining nuclear weapons as explosive devices designed to release nuclear energy on a large scale, used primarily in military applications as stated,

Noting with Regret, as Encarta.com stated, that nuclear weapons have many effects like Penetrating Radiation, climate change, damaging buildings by blast effects thermal effects,

Noting that the International court of justice ICJ declared in the year 1996 that any use or the threat to use of nuclear weapons in armed conflicts would generally be contrary to the rules of international law on armed conflict, particularly international humanitarian law,

Further notes that proliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, as well as their means of delivery, constitutes a threat to international peace and security,

Concerned by the threat of illicit trafficking in nuclear, chemical, or Biological weapons and their means of delivery, and related materials, which adds a new dimension to the issue of proliferation of such weapons and also poses a threat to international peace and security,

1) Requests the formation of a UN sponsored organization UNPDO (United Nations Peaceful Disarmament Organization) that will headquarters in Switzerland and will be active as soon as this resolution passes,

2) Resolves that the UNPDO will:
a) Consist of 10 International Atomic Energy Agency superior inspectors and negotiators,
b) Consist of 15 representatives of countries in the SC,
c) Also it will consist of 100 scientists and military experts from SC countries that will explore and find out ways to have defense systems that stop effects of nuclear weapons and other WOMDs,
d) Provide incentives for some countries that are suspected of trading Nuclear and WOMD arsenals to close its nuclear and WOMD factories and these incentives will be:
i. Providing them with funds, if needed, to implement the required disarmament action,
ii. Ending UN-imposed sanctions that may already be in force against them,
iii. Ending UN-imposed embargoes that may already be in force against them,
iv. Providing nations with different world technologies in all ways like science and nuclear development,
v. Encouraging other UN specialized agencies to give countries incentives to disarm, like resuming food aid,
e) monitoring water and land borders for countries via space satellites provided by the UN, to check that countries do not trade nuclear and WOMD arsenals, and this will only happen to countries who are suspected to trading nuclear and WOMD arsenals;

3) Further resolves that the UNDPO will have conferences:
a) A yearly conference will be held for all UN members,
b) Another conference every six months for all NPT treaty signatories,
c) monthly conference for the IAEA superior inspectors and negotiators and the 15 representatives of the countries in the SC;
d) If an emergency happens a meeting will be held immediately at the main branch of the organization;

4) Emphasizes the organization will try to close all companies suspected to have WOMD and nuclear arsenals and trade these arsenals by:
a) Having attorneys putting law suits and sewing these companies for having dangerous arsenals that could harm the people in many courts of justice if the country does not act,
b) Having the members of the organization producing a report to the General Assembly, which will have evidence that will show that the company is guilty and then, produced to the SC to take action against the company suspected,
c) Asking the country the company is in to close down or search this company for these arsenals if found they will be confiscated by the government to the UN,

5) Declares that there would be two branches of UNDPO in every continent, and that branch’s:
a) Locations will be:
i. Asia: Indonesia and Egypt
ii. Europe: Norway and Denmark
iii. North America: U.S.A and Canada
iv. South America: Argentina and Brazil
v. Africa: Nigeria and Liberia
b) Responsibilities will:
i. Make people aware of the Dangers of WOMD by media and advertisements that would encourage people,
ii. Have conferences that show that the use of Weapons Of Mass Destruction is dangerous and these conferences will be broadcasted in the National television;
iii. Report if any company in the continent and region is producing or trading weapons by collecting evidence from various people or groups and by inspecting companies if the country allows that,
iv. Making a yearly marathon that will take place in each country’s capital city that will involve many things like sports and other activities which will hopefully take people’s attention, thus will make people care for what could WOMD’s have as side affects ;

6) Urges all States, in accordance with their national procedures, to adopt and enforce appropriate effective laws which prohibit any non-State actor to manufacture, acquire, possess, develop, transport, transfer or use nuclear, chemical or biological weapons and their means of delivery, in particular for terrorist purposes, as well as attempts to engage in any of the foregoing activities, participate in them as an accomplice, assist or finance them;

7) Further urges the UN to have consequences that are going to be decided by the SC for:
a) Companies that provide WOMD arsenals to some terrorist groups,
b) Countries that trade and provide WOMD arsenals to some terrorist groups and also countries.

8) Further declares that this organization will help and plan with all sates to:
a) Have effective measures to establish domestic controls to prevent the trade of WOMD and their means of delivery, including establishing appropriate controls over related materials,
b) Promote the universal adoption and full implementation, and, where necessary, strengthening of multilateral treaties to which the state is party of,
c) Adopt national rules and regulations, where it has not yet been done, to ensure compliance with their commitments under the key multilateral non-proliferation treaties,
d) Develop appropriate ways to work with and inform industries and the public regarding their obligations under such laws.

 

 

Main Submitter: The United Kingdom
Co-Submitter: Norway
Subject of Resolution: The issue of the trade of nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction.
Written By: Mays Al-Sa'ad

Taking note that weapons of mass destruction are defined as weapons that are capable of a high order of destruction and or of being used in such a manner as to destroy large numbers of people they can be nuclear, chemical, biological, and radiological weapons and,

Alarmed that the number of mass destruction weapons in the world has increased 10,000 times since the cold war because of some countries that illegally possessed those weapons, as documented by www .globalissues.org,

Deeply disturbed that Pakistan, a nuclear state that admitted this year that its most revered scientist, Abdul Qadeer Khan, had given nuclear secrets to North Korea, Iran and Libya and has also admitted that Pakistani network sold technology for enriching uranium as well as warhead designs to Iran, North Korea and Libya,

Referring to a June 2002 CIA report, described by Seymour Hersh in the January 27 New Yorker, in 1997 Pakistan gave North Korea high-speed centrifuges and how-to data on building and testing a uranium-triggered nuclear weapon,

Deeply disturbed that in return North Korea gave Pakistan nuclear missile technology and parts as reported by the CIA,

Fully deploring that in 1979 or 1980, Egypt supplied North Korea with number of Soviet Scud B missiles, along with launchers and support equipment. North Korea reverse-engineered the Scud and built an industrial infrastructure to produce its own missiles, eventually at a rate of eight to 10 per month in 1987 and 1988. It sold approximately 100 to Iran, many of which were fired at Iraqi cities during the Iran–Iraq War, as reported by the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists,

Fully Alarmed by the fact that North Korea produced a total of 600–1,000 Scud B and Cs were produced by the end of 1999. Half of them were sold to foreign countries (The Bulletin of Atomic Scientist),

Noting further that Libya, in the past, has secretly purchased longer-range Scud-C missiles,

Bearing in mind that the United Kingdom is not trying to attack North Korea, Pakistan, or Iran and is only using them as an example,

Recalling that secret weapons trade takes place in water,

Keeping in mind that the Bush administration says the US. and its allies are willing to use "robust techniques" to stop so-called rogue nations from getting materials to make weapons of mass destruction,

Having studied that 51 countries possess more than 17,500 kilograms of highly enriched uranium,

Congratulating Libya for giving off its mass destruction weapons,

Guided by that the Nuclear Proliferation Treaty (NPT) obligates the five acknowledged nuclear-weapons states (the United States, Russian Federation, United Kingdom, France, and China) not to transfer nuclear weapons, other nuclear explosive devices, or their technology to any non-nuclear-weapon state. On the other hand, non-nuclear weapon states parties undertake not to acquire or produce nuclear weapons or nuclear explosive devices. They are required also to accept safeguards to detect diversions of nuclear materials from peaceful activities, such as power generation, to the production of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices,

Expressing our appreciation to all countries who signed the NPT treaty,

1. Requests all nations to sign the Eliminating Trade of Mass Destruction Weapons Treaty (ETMDW) which:

2. Forces all signers of the Nuclear Proliferation Treaty to fully respect its obligations (see preamble 14),
A. Obligates all countries possessing weapons of mass destruction to not trade those weapons with different nations without the approval of the Security Council,
B. Obligates all nations to not trade the technology of weapons of mass destruction weapons,
C. Obligates all nations to not trade nuclear/ weapons of mass destruction weapons scientists;
D. Allow the 5 permanent members of the SC to buy materials for making weapons because the NPT treaty states that they are allowed to possess such weapons;

3. Confirms that signing the ETMDW treaty is voluntary, however they will be considered as non-cooperating members of the UN and should pay sanctions because as stated in the UN charter;

4. Drawing attention than any country that is in desperate need of materials that are used for making weapons of mass destruction for a descent reason like self defense, medication (uranium),...etc. is to ask permission for the SC and it will decide whether to allow the trade or not;

5. Calls upon the Security Council to approve assigning inspectors at all waterways were secret trade of mass destruction weapons can occur through, who will inspect any ship going form country-x to country-y and will inform the SC of any violations;

6. Emphasizing that if any violation of the ETMDW treaty was discovered the country shall be referred to the UN Security Council or even the International Court of Justice and harsh measures will be imposed upon that country;

7. Resolves that any country that used to trade materials for making weapons of mass destruction and stops, after signing the treaty shall receive the following
A. financial or technical aid if they need it,
B. the UK will reasonably help it in solving any problem its facing, if the UK is capable of helping,
C. the country will be recommended to be an non-permanent member of the Security Council;

8. Declares that the we will take into consideration the status of developing countries who sell uranium or any other substances for making mass destruction weapons as their only source of living, the UK is ready to exchange that uranium with food aids, water supply, or any other thing the country needs so that this resolution won't affect developing countries' economies negatively;